Insulin, insulin syringe and insulin devices
Insulin is the hormone used to treat diabetes mellitus. Insulin is given in the form of injection, because the gastro intestinal tract (organs from mouth to anus) will be affected if given by mouth. Insulin lowers blood sugar by (a) promoting the transport of glucose into the cells and (b) inhibiting the conversion of glycogen and amino acids to glucose. Insulin injections are required when (a) there is insufficient insulin production, (b) diabetes mellitus can not be controlled by diet, exercise, and oral medicine, or (c) the person has another problem that requires medicine and can increase the blood glucose levels.