Q1. In what ways did Byzantium continue the traditions of the Roman Empire, and in what ways did it diverge from Rome and become its own unique civilization? Be sure to use specific historical evidence to support your answer.
Q2. As head of the Catholic Church, the pope is considered a religious leader, but to what extent were medieval popes political leaders as well? Discuss the role medieval popes played in politics. Be sure to use specific historical evidence to support your answer.
Q3. Discuss how Muslim scholars of the Islamic Golden Age adapted and expanded upon the philosophical and/or scientific traditions of Classical Greece. Be sure to use specific historical evidence to support your answer.
Q4. How might Charlemagne have been trying to create a new type of leadership while still integrating Roman and Christian values of previous leaders?