QUESTION 1
Thomas Jefferson's original Kentucky resolution served as an argument for what?
a. States' rights.
b. The right to bear arms.
c. Freedom of religion.
d. Immigration reform.
e. Free trade.
QUESTION 2
The Boston Massacre occurred when British soldiers:
a. captured members of the Sons of Liberty involved in the Boston Tea Party.
b. tried to defend Thomas Hutchinson from an angry mob.
c. fired into a mob and killed a number of Boston residents.
d. killed Indians who were raiding frontier towns.
e. fired on local minutemen guarding an arsenal.
QUESTION 3
What was "the first object of government," according to James Madison?
a. Secure freedom.
b. Protect property rights.
c. Feed the poor.
d. Protect free speech.
e. Guarantee voting rights.
QUESTION 4
Anti-Federalists were concerned that the Constitution severely limited liberty.
True
False
QUESTION 5
Compared to the Chesapeake colonies, New England had more economic equality because it had more:
a. timber.
b. landowners.
c. religious toleration.
d. cash crops.
e. slaves.
QUESTION 6
Lincoln's issuance of an emancipation proclamation:
a. won universal support throughout the North.
b. was delayed on the advice of General George McClellan.
c. followed the narrow Union victory in the Battle of Antietam.
d. led Great Britain to recognize the independence of the Confederate States of America.
e. led to a strong Republican showing in the congressional and state elections of 1862.
QUESTION 7
Thomas Paine's Common Sense:
a. sold well among the elite, who in turn were able to convey its ideas to the lower classes.
b. argued that the British governmental system was perfectly good but that current officials had corrupted it.
c. argued that America would become the home of freedom and "an asylum for mankind."
d. made highly original arguments in favor of independence.
e. led to his arrest on charges of treason, but he saved himself by writing another pamphlet taking the opposite position.
QUESTION 8
American colonists widely believed that Britain had no authority to tax the colonists since the colonists had no elected representative in Parliament.
True
False
QUESTION 9
Which of the following was a consequence of the Seven Years' War?
a. the founding of the new colony of Ohio in territory acquired from France
b. increased popularity of the Anglican Church among ordinary colonists
c. a weakening of liberties as France made gains in North America
d. the creation of a central colonial government under the Albany Plan of Union
e. strengthened pride among American colonists about being part of the British empire
QUESTION 10
Boston merchants:
a. paid for Anne Hutchinson's prosecution.
b. challenged the subordination of economic activity to Puritan control.
c. had enjoyed widespread freedom to trade since the establishment of the colony.
d. refused to trade with anyone outside the Puritan faith.
e. controlled John Winthrop.
QUESTION 11
The Erie Canal:
a. was championed by Pennsylvania governor William Findlay.
b. attracted an influx of farmers migrating from Virginia and the Carolinas to the Northwest.
c. was strongly opposed by residents of Buffalo and Rochester, who feared their cities would lose business.
d. was far longer than any other canal in the United States at that time.
e. proved economically unviable and was abandoned within a decade of its opening.
QUESTION 12
In the first half of the nineteenth century, the United States gained the most territory through:
a. purchasing territory from France.
b. purchasing territory from Russia.
c. wars with Mexico.
d. purchasing territory from Spain.
e. a treaty with Great Britain.
QUESTION 13
The Fifteenth Amendment:
a. was endorsed by President Andrew Johnson.
b. sought to guarantee that one could not be denied suffrage rights based on race.
c. made states responsible for determining all voter qualifications.
d. was drafted by Susan B. Anthony.
e. granted women the right to vote in federal but not state elections.
QUESTION 14
Anti-Federalists included:
a. Benjamin Franklin and John Jay.
b. Samuel Adams and Patrick Henry.
c. George Washington and John Hancock.
d. Patrick Henry and John Adams.
e. Samuel Adams and James Madison.
QUESTION 15
In what way was Reconstruction policy a success?
a. It brought suffrage for women.
b. It resulted in fair elections by the late 1870s in the South.
c. It resulted in land being given to former slaves across the South.
d. It established an amendment promising equal protection for all.
e. It industrialized the South on the same level as the North.
QUESTION 16
The Dred Scott decision of the U.S. Supreme Court:
a. backed the idea of popular sovereignty.
b. extended the Missouri Compromise line to California.
c. freed Dred and Harriet Scott.
d. declared that Congress could not ban slavery from territories.
e. endorsed the free soil policy of the Republicans.
QUESTION 17
During the seventeenth century, indentured servants:
a. made up less than one-third of English settlers in America.
b. had a great deal of trouble acquiring land.
c. had to surrender their freedom for a minimum of ten years to come to the colonies.
d. had to pay half of the fare to get them to the New World.
e. were almost entirely Irish.
QUESTION 18
"Republican motherhood" was an ideology that held that:
a. Thomas Jefferson's Republican Party represented maternal interests better than its opponents did.
b. political equality of the sexes fit a republican society.
c. women played an indispensable role in the new nation by training future citizens.
d. women should be granted suffrage rights.
e. education was wasted on women, who should worry only about having many children to populate the republic.
QUESTION 19
Why was the Proclamation of 1763 difficult to enforce?
a. The colonial assemblies wanted to avoid wars with Native Americans.
b. The French refused to leave forts in the Ohio Valley.
c. Most Native American tribes did not agree with the policy.
d. It involved a large geographical area.
e. It involved taxes the colonists refused to pay.
QUESTION 20
The Republican free labor ideology:
a. owed its origins to Abraham Lincoln's reemergence in the wake of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
b. won Republicans significant support from non-slaveholders in the South in 1856.
c. convinced northerners that Catholic immigrants posed a more significant threat than the southern slave power.
d. led to the argument by Abraham Lincoln and William Seward that free labor and slave labor were essentially incompatible.
e. accepted southerners' point that slavery protected their liberty, but explained that the economic benefits of free labor would outweigh the damage abolition would do to southern liberty.
QUESTION 21
Shays's Rebellion demonstrated to many leading Americans the need for a more central government to ensure private liberty.
True
False
QUESTION 22
"King Cotton diplomacy" led Great Britain to:
a. stage multiple raids from Canada into the Upper Northwest.
b. find new supplies of cotton outside the South.
c. repudiate the Emancipation Proclamation.
d. use its warships to break the Union blockade.
e. recognize the independence of the Confederate States of America.
QUESTION 23
Tobacco production in Virginia:
a. benefited from the endorsement of King James I.
b. declined after its original success, as Europeans learned the dangers of smoking.
c. was under the control of two planters, Walter Raleigh and the Earl of Kent.
d. enriched an emerging class of planters and certain members of the colonial government.
e. resulted in more unified settlements, thanks to tobacco's propensity to grow only in certain areas of Virginia.
QUESTION 24
By banning the importation of slaves by 1808 with the Constitution, what did critics of slavery hope to accomplish?
a. Their goal was to weaken the Quakers, who were critical of slavery.
b. They hoped the national government would focus on developing manufacturing.
c. They wanted to weaken the shipbuilding industry in the United States.
d. They hoped cutting off the supply would eventually end slavery in the United States.
e. They wanted to start a civil war.
QUESTION 25
Racism in the North resulted in:
a. a reestablishment of slavery.
b. a civil rights movement that focused on segregation instead of abolition.
c. more opportunities for land for Native Americans.
d. limited economic opportunities for African-Americans.
e. African-Americans being the majority of factory workers.
QUESTION 26
An example of a freedom that most Native Americans would hold in high esteem would be:
a. an economic freedom that would lead to a Native Americans becoming the wealthiest member of the tribe.
b. the opportunity for some families to dominate others in the tribe.
c. the opportunity for the chief to sell land to a European.
d. the right of free speech.
e. the chance to work with other tribe members to build a house.
QUESTION 27
Columbus established the first permanent settlement on Hispaniola in 1502.
True
False
QUESTION 28
Bacon's Rebellion was a response to:
a. the Glorious Revolution in England.
b. Indian attacks in New England.
c. the Salem witch trials.
d. worsening economic conditions in Virginia.
e. increased slavery in the Carolinas.
QUESTION 29
To the Puritan leaders, Indians were savages and immoral.
True
False
QUESTION 30
A central element in the definition of English liberty was:
a. freedom of expression.
b. the right to self-incrimination.
c. the right to a trial by jury.
d. that each English citizen owned a copy of the English Constitution.
e. what an individual king or queen said it was.
QUESTION 31
Which statement about Nat Turner's Rebellion is true?
a. Turner and his followers assaulted mostly men.
b. Turner escaped capture.
c. Many southern whites were in a panic after the rebellion.
d. Fewer than twenty whites were killed during the rebellion.
e. It occurred in Georgia.
QUESTION 32
Why was slavery less prevalent in the northern colonies?
a. Northern whites were not as racist as southern whites.
b. It was too expensive to transport slaves to the North.
c. More reformers lived in the North.
d. The northern colonies used Indian labor instead.
e. The small farms of the northern colonies did not need slaves.
QUESTION 33
How did indentured servants display a fondness for freedom?
a. They published pamphlets criticizing their masters, displaying their love of free speech.
b. Some of them ran away or were disobedient to their masters.
c. They sent letters home telling their fellow Englishmen that the American colonies offered special opportunities for freedom.
d. They insisted on their right to serve in the militia, because they believed in the right to bear arms.
e. They became abolitionists, fighting to end slavery in British North America.
QUESTION 34
The Columbian Exchange was:
a. responsible for introducing corn, tomatoes, and potatoes to the Americas.
b. the first store in the New World, named for the man who founded it.
c. the agreement that documented what Christopher Columbus would give to Spanish leaders in return for their sponsorship of his travel to the New World.
d. John Cabot's exploration of the New World, which brought more of the goods that Columbus had found back to the Old World.
e. the transatlantic flow of plants, animals, and germs that began after Christopher Columbus reached the New World.
QUESTION 35
What does the omission of the word "slave" or "slavery" in the text of the original Constitution suggest about the founders?
a. They did not want the Constitution to allow slavery.
b. They wanted to end slavery as quickly as possible.
c. The institution of slavery was strictly an economic venture for them.
d. They did not want slaves to see any references to themselves.
e. They felt a reference to slavery tainted American ideals on liberty and equality.
QUESTION 36
A consequence of Bacon's Rebellion was a consolidation of power among Virginia's elite.
True
False
QUESTION 37
The Fugitive Slave Act provided for the return of runaway slaves to their owners.
True
False
QUESTION 38
General Sherman marched from Atlanta to the sea in order to:
a. engage Lee in battle.
b. link up with Grant's army.
c. secure Richmond for the Union.
d. demoralize the South's civilian population.
e. free Union prisoners at Andersonville.
QUESTION 39
The first industry to be shaped by the large factory system was:
a. pottery.
b. textiles.
c. shoemaking.
d. guns.
e. ironworks.
QUESTION 40
John Adams's acceptance of defeat in 1800 established the vital precedent of a peaceful transfer of power from a defeated party to its successor.
True
False
QUESTION 41
In eighteenth-century Chesapeake, race took on greater importance over time, and whites increasingly considered free blacks dangerous and undesirable.
True
False
QUESTION 42
How did the market revolution affect the lives of artisans?
a. New competition created opportunities for the specialized skills of artisans, so their numbers expanded.
b. They began working in factories, which they preferred to enduring years of apprenticeship under the old system.
c. Most artisans became factory owners and prospered as never before.
d. Their lives changed little, because the economy allowed for plenty of room for specialized craftsmen.
e. Working in factories, they faced constant supervision as they used power-driven machinery.
QUESTION 43
The internal slave trade in the United States involved the movement of hundreds of thousands of enslaved persons from:
a. the West Indies to the Mississippi River Valley.
b. Texas, Louisiana, and Mississippi to Kentucky, Virginia, and Maryland.
c. older states like Virginia to the Lower South.
d. the Lower South to the Upper South.
e. the lower Mississippi River Valley to the upper Mississippi River Valley.
QUESTION 44
The Sedition Act targeted:
a. British sympathizers.
b. Alexander Hamilton's economic ideas.
c. the Republican press.
d. Federalists.
e. illegal immigrants.
QUESTION 45
The Sons of Liberty enforced a boycott of British goods.
True
False
QUESTION 46
According to the economic theory known as mercantilism:
a. the government should encourage manufacturing and commerce by keeping its hands off of the economy.
b. England wanted the right to sell goods in France, but only to non-Catholic buyers.
c. the government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power.
d. merchants should control the government because they contributed more than others to national wealth.
e. colonies existed as a place for the mother country to send raw materials to be turned into manufactured goods.
QUESTION 47
The Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863:
a. was cited by Tennessee as the reason it rejoined the Union in 1864.
b. did not apply to the border slave states that had not seceded.
c. was declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court later that year.
d. was very popular with voters associated with the Democratic Party.
e. freed slaves throughout the United States.
QUESTION 48
Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 presidential election without a single vote in ten southern states.
True
False
QUESTION 49
In 1860, what percentage of southern white families were in the slaveowning class?
a. 75 percent.
b. 55 percent.
c. 10 percent.
d. 40 percent.
e. 25 percent.
QUESTION 50
Shays's Rebellion was significant because it demonstrated:
a. that controversies over the emancipation of slaves could turn violent.
b. that Congress's attempts to pass pro-debtor laws were unpopular with farmers.
c. the need for a stronger central government.
d. that land distribution policies were out of date.
e. the chaotic nature of Indian policy after the Battle of Fallen Timbers.
QUESTION 51
Although a few were outraged by the Stamp Act, most politically active colonists actually supported it.
True
False
QUESTION 52
From 1840 to 1860, the price of a "prime field hand":
a. declined about 15 percent as the supply of slaves in the internal slave trade increased.
b. declined because labor-intensive agricultural work became less popular in the South.
c. rose about 80 percent, which made it harder for southern whites to enter the slaveholding class.
d. became so inexpensive that the slaveholding class grew to include nearly two-thirds of southern whites.
e. rose less than 10 percent, which kept the size of the planter class about the same.
QUESTION 53
King Cotton diplomacy was intended to promote economic self-sufficiency in the South and force England to intervene on the side of the Confederacy.
True
False
QUESTION 54
How did most Puritans view the separation of church and state?
a. They invented the concept but refused to indulge in it.
b. They were so determined to keep them apart that they banned ministers from holding office, fearing that they would enact proreligious legislation.
c. They allowed church and state to be interconnected by requiring each town to establish a church and levy a tax to support the minister.
d. The Massachusetts Bay Colony endorsed the Puritan faith but allowed anyone the freedom to practice or not practice religion.
e. They had never even heard of the concept.
QUESTION 55
German immigrants greatly enhanced the ethnic and religious diversity of Britain's colonies.
True
False
QUESTION 56
At Antietam:
a. the nation suffered more casualties than on any other day in its history.
b. the Union's river fleet proved crucial to the outcome.
c. General Lee was successful and pushed north into Pennsylvania.
d. General McClellan surrendered his troops.
e. Lincoln announced the Thirteenth Amendment.
QUESTION 57
What was the primary purpose of the Proclamation of 1763?
a. to open up more land for settlement
b. to end the slave trade
c. to bring stability to the colonial frontier
d. to prohibit Catholicism in the territory newly acquired from France
e. to protect the Indians
QUESTION 58
Northern colonial ports in New York and Massachusetts actively participated in the slave trade.
True
False
QUESTION 59
John Adams recommended George Washington as commander of the Continental army because:
a. he knew Washington had opposed General Howe's forces cutting down the Liberty Tree.
b. they had an agreement that Adams would then be put in charge of administering the army in the New England colonies.
c. he knew that Washington was weighing an offer from Britain to lead its North American forces.
d. he shared Washington's view of the importance of natural rights.
e. the fact that Washington was from Virginia could help unify the colonists.
QUESTION 60
In what ways was Thomas Paine's Common Sense similar to Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence?
a. Paine used many Latin phrases, which led Jefferson to do the same.
b. Both documents contradicted the ideas of John Locke.
c. Both showed how a king can be a tyrant.
d. Both Jefferson and Paine discussed how the United States could create a navy.
e. Paine criticized using slaves from Africa, and that same criticism appeared in the Declaration of Independence.
QUESTION 61
Most colonists did not complain about the British regulating trade through the Navigation Acts.
True
False
QUESTION 62
"Salutary neglect" meant:
a. the same thing that "child neglect" means today.
b. British governments left the colonies largely alone to govern themselves.
c. providing little oversight of slaves engaged in the task system.
d. colonial legislatures were supposed to meet only when absolutely necessary.
e. failing to salute British officers was a punishable offense for colonists.
QUESTION 63
What was Virginia's "gold," which ensured its survival and prosperity?
a. Indigo.
b. Tobacco.
c. Cotton.
d. Fur.
e. Sugar.
QUESTION 64
Columbus first sailed to what is now Venezuela.
True
False
QUESTION 65
Among the Confederacy's advantages during the Civil War was:
a. that its rail network was more advanced than the Union's.
b. that the Lower South had long had significant manufacturing facilities.
c. that so many of its men volunteered to fight that it never resorted to a draft.
d. that its military-aged white male population was slightly larger than the Union's.
e. its large size, which made it more difficult for the Union to conquer.