Question 1. An 86-year-old patient who wears a hearing aid complains of poor hearing in the affected ear. In addition to possible hearing aid malfunction, this condition is often due to:
Acoustic neuroma
Cerumen impaction
Otitis media
Ménière's disease
Question 2. In examination of the nose, the clinician observes gray, pale mucous membranes with clear, serous discharge. This is most likely indicative of:
Bacterial sinusitis
Allergic rhinitis
Drug abuse
Skull fractur
Question 3. A 45 year old patient presents with ‘sore throat' and fever for one week. After a quick strep screen you determine the patient has Strep throat. You know that streptococcal pharyngitis should be treated with antibiotics to prevent complications and to shorten the course of disease. Which of the following antibiotics should be considered when a patient is allergic to Penicillin?
Amoxicillin
EES (erythromycin)
Bicillin L-A
Dicloxacillin
Question 4. Presbycusis is the hearing impairment that is associated with:
Physiologic aging
Ménière's disease
Cerumen impaction
Herpes zoster
Question 5. Epistaxis can be a symptom of:
Over-anticoagulation
Hematologic malignancy
Cocaine abuse
All of the above
Question 6. Your patient has been using chewing tobacco for 10 years. On physical examination, you observe a white ulceration surrounded by erythematous base on the side of his tongue. The clinician should recognize that very often this is:
Malignant melanoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Aphthous ulceration
Behcet's syndrome
Question 7. A 26 year old patient presents with cough and general malaise for 3 days. They note that their eyes have been watering clear fluid and a ‘runny nose' since yesterday. They note they ‘feel miserable' and demand something to make them feel better. What would be the best first plan of treatment?
Saline nasal spray for congestion and acetaminophen as needed for pain.
Z-pack (azithromycin) for infection and Cromolyn nasal for congestion
Hydrococone/acetaminophen as needed for pain and Guaifensin for congestion
Cephalexin for infection and Cromolyn ophthalmic for congestion
Question 8. Which of the following findings should trigger an urgent referral to a cardiologist or neurologist?
History of bright flash of light followed by significantly blurred vision
History of transient and painless monocular loss of vision
History of monocular severe eye pain, blurred vision, and ciliary flush
All of the above
Question 9. Dizziness that is described as "lightheaded" or, "like I'm going to faint," is usually caused by inadequate cerebral perfusion and is classified as?
Presyncope
Disequilibrium
Vertigo
Syncope
Question 10. It is important to not dilate the eye if ____ is suspected.
Cataract
Macular degeneration
Acute closed-angle glaucoma
Chronic open-angle glaucoma
Question 11. Mr. GC presents to the clinic with nausea and vomiting for 2 days, prior to that time he reports occasional ‘dizziness' that got better with change in position. He denies a recent history of URI or any history of headaches or migraines. What would the most likely diagnosis be?
Vestibular neruitis
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Vestibular migraine
Benign hypertensive central vertigo
Question 12. Which of the following patients with vertigo would require neurologic imaging?
A 68-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and sudden acute onset constant vertigo. She has right nystagmus that changes direction with gaze and that does not disappear when she focuses.
A 45-year-old man with recurrent episodes of brief intense vertigo every time he turns his head rapidly. He has no other neurologic signs or symptoms. He has a positive Dix-Hallpike maneuver.
A 66-year-old man with recurrent episodes of vertigo associated with tinnitus and hearing loss. His head thrust test is positive.
A 28-year-old otherwise well woman with new onset constant vertigo with no other neurologic symptoms. On physical exam, she has unidirectional nystagmus that disappears when her gaze is fixed.
Question 13.A patient presents with eye redness, scant discharge, and a gritty sensation. Your examination reveals the palpable preauricular nodes, which are most likely with:
Bacterial conjunctivitis
Allergic conjunctivitis
Chemical conjunctivitis
Viral conjunctivitis
Question 14. In assessing the eyes, which of the following is considered a "red flag" finding when associated with eye redness?
History of prior red-eye episodes
Grossly visible corneal defect
Exophthalmos
Photophobia
Question 15. A 64-year-old male presents with erythema of the sclera, tearing, and bilateral pruritus of the eyes. The symptoms occur intermittently throughout the year and he has associated clear nasal discharge. Which of the following is most likely because of the inflammation?
Bacterium
Allergen
Virus
Fungi
Question 16. Patients that have atopic disorders are mediated by the production of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) will have histamine stimulated as an immediate phase response. This release of histamine results in which of the following?
Sinus pain, increased vascular permeability, and bronchodilation
Bronchospasm, vascular permeability, and vasodilatation
Contraction of smooth muscle, decreased vascular permeability, and vasoconstriction
Vasodilatation, bronchodilation, and increased vascular permeability
Question 17. You have a patient complaining of vertigo and want to know what could be the cause. Knowing there are many causes for vertigo, you question the length of time the sensation lasts. She tells you several hours to days and is accompanied by tinnitus and hearing loss. You suspect which of the following conditions?
Ménière's disease
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
Migraine
Question 18. In examining the mouth of an older adult with a history of smoking, the nurse practitioner finds a suspicious oral lesion. The patient has been referred for a biopsy to be sent for pathology. Which is the most common oral precancerous lesion?
Fictional keratosis
Keratoacanthoma
Lichen planus
Leukoplakia
Question 19. Rheumatic heart disease is a complication that can arise from which type of infection?
Epstein-Barr virus
Diphtheria
Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Question 20. A patient complains of fever, fatigue, and pharyngitis. On physical examination there is pronounced cervical lymphadenopathy.Which of the following diagnostic tests should be considered?
Mono spot
Strep test
Throat culture
All of the above