Impact of Flooding Stress on Plants and Crops
FACTORS FAVOURING OCCURRENCE OF WATERLOGGING AND SUBMERGENCE
Increasing water input
Slow drainage through the soil profile
SOIL WATERLOGGING
Oxygen shortage and other damaging features of waterlogged soil
How an absence of oxygen kills root tips
ATP supply and demand
Self-poisoning
How roots survive anaerobic conditions
Biochemical acclimation
Anatomical acclimation through aerenchyma formation
How above-ground shoots survive soil waterlogging and submergence
Root to shoot communication and water conservation
Increased porosity of the shoot base
Replacement rooting
Fast upward extension