|
Immune response cytokines include
|
T and B cells.
interferon and MHC.
TNF and Interleukins.
chemokines and tolerant B cells.
regulatory T cells and growth factors.
|
Viruses, intracellular bacteria, and certain parasites are examples of _____.
|
exogenous antigens
cytokines
endogenous antigens
autoantigens
MHCs
|
Dendritic cells are used for
|
immunity.
destroying pathogens by phagocytosis.
nonspecific defense.
A and C
A, B, and C
|
When a cell related to immunity activates only in reaction to a specific pathogen, it is called _____
|
inducibility
clonality
lymphocytes
T lymphocytes
None of the above
|
Larry, an avid outdoorsman and hunter, recently spent a week at a hunting lodge in Virginia where he had a great time pheasant hunting. Once he returned home, however, he got sick and went to see his doctor. He's had a fever with chills, headache, nausea, and diarrhea. His doctor did a CBC. It came back showing that Larry has low levels of leukocytes and platelets. He may have contracted _____ on his hunting trip.
|
brucellosis
tularemia
Lyme disease
ehrlichiosis
Chagas' disease
|
Which of the following is the most important factor inStreptococcus pneumoniaevirulence?(
|
The presence of a particular Lancefield antigen
The production of pneumolysin
The presence of a polysaccharide capsule
The ability to lyse red blood cells
Strain-specific teichoic acids in its cell wall
|
A microscopic examination of infected tissue allows us to determine _____ while a laboratory culture grown from a sample allows us _____.
|
the mutation rate; to control mutations
whether it is a fungal infection or not; to identify species of fungus
the prions used; to determine treatment options
A and B
B and C
|
The primary source of sporotrichosis is _____.
|
insect caches
the chitin of insects
colostrum
soil or dirt
the keratin of insects
|
What is the leading cause of heart-related deaths in Latin America?)
|
A weakened heart due to Chagas' disease.
A weakened heart due to sleeping sickness.
Naegleria
Balantidiasis
None of the above