Lab: An Introduction to Genetic Processes
Part A: DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis and Sources of Variability Exercise
Exercise 1. Illustrate your understanding of complimentary bases and DNA Replication by providing the triplet of bases that are complimentary to the original DNA triplet, and that would attach to the exposed DNA triplet during the first state of DNA replication.
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Sample DNA Triplet
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DNA triplet replicated
with complimentary Bases
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1. AAG
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example: TTC
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2. TCT
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3. GCC
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4. ATA
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5. TGA
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6. CCA
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7. GTT
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8. GCA
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9. AAA
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10. GGT
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Exercise 2: Illustrate the rule of complimentary bases and the process of Protein Synthesis, using the following partial DNA sequence that codes for the production of collagen. Complete the following table, using Table 3.1 as a reference.
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DNA
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Transcribe
with mRNA
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Translate
with tRNA
Amino Acid
(see Table 3.1)
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1. ATG
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2. CCC
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3. GGC
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4. CTT
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5. ATT
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6. TTC
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7. TAC
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8. AAC
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9. TTT
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10. GGT
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example: CCA
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Proline
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Exercise 3: Illustrate the role of mutation in Protein Synthesis
Step One: Transcribe the DNA strand for normal hemoglobin with mRNA complementary bases:
C A C G T G GA G T G A G G A C T C C T C T TT A G A C G G C A C T G A C G G A A T A C CCCC
Step Two: Using the chart attached as a reference "translate" each triplet of bases above with the corresponding amino acid:
(see APPENDIX Table 3-1)
Step Three: In the original DNA strand, a point mutation HAS occurred and the third thymine (counting left to right in the original DNA code) has been replaced by adenine. Retranslate that particular amino acid where that point mutation has occurred:
Step Four: This point mutation causes a very specific illness described in your text. What is this illness and what are the consequences for an individual with this point mutation?
Part B: Analyzing Karotypes and Cellular Genetics
Exercise 1: Review the following karyotype and answer the related questions below:
FIGURE 1.9 Karyotype for Question 3.
Courtesy: National Human Genomr Research Institute
A. Which chromosomes are autosomes and which are sex chromosomes?
B. Is this a male or female?
C. This is an abnormal genetic sequence. What is abnormal about it?
D. What is the name of this abnormality and what are the consequences of this abnormality for Being a human being?
Exercise 2: Review the following karyotype and answer the related questions
A. Is this a male or female?
B. This is an abnormal genetic sequence. What is abnormal about it?
C. Provide an account or lived experience of this abnormality for an individual human being. (cite your source)
Exercise 3: Review the following Karotype and answer the related questions below:
FIGURE 1.9 Karyotype for Question 3.
Courtesy: National Human Genomr Research Institute
A. Is this a male or female?
B. This is an abnormal genetic sequence. What is abnormal about it?
C. Provide an account or lived experience of this abnormality for an individual human being. (cite your source)
1. In Figure 1.16. blood samples are taken from a gate (t), an injured woman (S1). and her former husband (S2). The woman claimed that she attacked by hes former husband. The man had a cut on his hund, which he explained as a cut fron a broken water glass. is the unknown sampIe from her wound. from her former husband. or froni an unknown third person?
2. From the same case, a second blood ampIe was collecied fron a stain on the floor of the former husband's home (Figure 1.17). Is this stain from the woman. her former husband, or an unknown third person?
3. A third blood sample was collected from a knife in the alley two blocks from the woman's home (Figure 1.18). Is this stain fron the woman, her former husband or an unknown third person?