1. An oceanographer wants to test the null hypothesis that a cubic yard of ocean water contains about 45.6 pounds of salt (what it does). Explain under what conditions the oceanographer would commit a Type I error and under what conditions the oceanographer would commit a type II error.
2. If we want to test the hypothesis that telemarketing (telephone sales) increases the number of sales made by automobile salespersons, under what conditions would we commit
(a) a Type I error;
(b) a Type II error?
3. While investigating a claim that a coin-operated hot coffee machine is dispensing too much hot coffee into hand-held cups (creating a dangerous situation for holders of cups), the owner of the machine takes a random sample of 49 "8-ounces servings" from a large number of servings and finds that the mean is 8.2 fluid ounces with standard deviation of 0.4 fluid ounces. Is this evidence of overfilling at the 0.01 level of significance?
4. A randomly selected sample of 10 persons who borrowed books at a local public library showed that they borrowed 1, 5, 4, 4, 3, 6, 6, 2, 5 and 4 books. Test at the 0.05 level whether this supports the comment that the library is not lending, on average, 4.2 books per patron.