Question: Aw, rats! A nutrition experimenter intends to compare the weight gain of newly weaned male rats fed Diet A with that of rats fed Diet B. To do this, she will feed each diet to 10 rats. She has available 10 rats from one litter and 10 rats from a second litter. Rats in the first litter appear to be slightly healthier.
(a) If the 10 rats from Litter 1 were fed Diet A, the effects of genetics and diet would be confounded, and the experiment would be biased. Explain this statement carefully.
(b) Describe a better design for this experiment.