1. Twenty miles of gravel road require reshaping and leveling. You estimate that a motor grader will require six passes at 3 mph. to accomplish the work. How many grader hours will be required for this work if the job efficiency factor is .95.
2. Pumps and water supply systems are utilized in construction to _______ excavations and to supply water for cleaning equipment and aggregates, for mixing and curing concrete, for aiding soil compaction, and for jetting piles into place.