1. After the fall of the Roman Empire, new Germanic kingdoms arose and became known as Latin Christendom blending Latin and Germanic traditions. Discuss examples of these traditions and how they evolved during this time. What unified these new kingdoms?
2. How did Christianity spread in the new Latin Christendom? What tools were used by rulers and church officials to spread Christianity?
3. The fall of Italy acted as a catalyst, causing historians and political theorists to approach these disciplines in new ways. Discuss the two main individuals in the text who are representative of the new Renaissance thinking.
4. Discuss the Hundred Years War: What were its causes? Why did the war continue for so long a period? What advantages did each side possess? What were the outcomes of the war for France and England?
5. Discuss the Columbian exchange. What was exchanged? What were the immediate consequences of the encounters between the Old and New Worlds?
6. How did the Protestant Reformation in England occur? What was the cause for the reformation? What events led to this change, and what impact did these changes have on England?
7. Absolutism was met with resistance in England. What groups resisted absolutism? How and why did they resist? What English traditions and political ideas prevented the adoption of absolutism?
8. What impact did the Price Revolution have on the governments and people of Europe?