1. A research project (term paper) is mandatory in order to pass this course. You cannot recieve a passing grade unless the paper is submitted by the last day of class (December 9)
2. It must be ten to twelve pages in length and conform to the criteria for the submission of written work as detailed in item XI below.
3. No cover page or binding is necessary, but you must incluse a bibliography and citations. Refer to The Criminal Justice Student Writers Manual (required text) for the proper way to present citations and organize a bibliography.
A. Investigating Corporate / White Collar Crime: (2 Sources - Marcopulous)
- The recent losses sustained within financial markets and the impact on so many people have helped to expose examples of serious criminality on the part of people in positions of priviledge and trust; the executive types, people who are already very well off financially but insist on unlawfully taking even more. Essentially, they are common criminals. Some of their crimes have been particularly egregious. Their activities are not limited to "Ponzi" schemes, but include all kinds of securities frauds, insider trading, institutional corruption, fiduciary fraud, misuse of escrow funds and thefts of pensions and savings. False advertising, price fixing, price gouging, and deceptive practices by telemarketers, contractors and service providers also come within this description, as do crimes committed by government employees, elected and appointed officials and all types of political corruption.
- The perpetrators of these crimes are usually somewhat more sophisticated than the average street criminal. Their modus operandi is usually more complicated and their crimes much more profitable, requiring a more complex investigation. How are these crimes much more profitable, requiring a more complex investigation. How are these crimes investigated and who investigates them? What are some examples of recent "white-collar" crimes and how much were the criminals caught? How is corporate crime controlled by legislation; could RICO laws be used against corrupt corporations, agencies and their executives? Consider mentioning information from the following text (Criminal Ivestigation, 11th edition, Christine Hass Orthmann and Karen Hess, Delmar Cengage Learning, 2013. ISBN-13: 978-1-285-86261-3.)
-1.5 SPACING
- 4 PAGESBrendan Schade
Outline:
- How are these crimes investigated and who investigates them (white collar)
o Re explain white collar crimes
o Why is this type of investigation so complicated
o Explain types of white collar crime (find sources first so you can explain what type of white collar crime they committed)
o Then briefly include other types (from textbook) 1-2 sentences per type
- What are some examples of white collar crime
o 2 sources (examples of RECENT white collar crimes)
- How are these criminals caught
o 5 ways they are caught (strategies/government protocol?)
o Who catches them
- How is corporate crime controlled by legislation; could RICO laws be used against corrupt corporations, agencies and their executives
o 4-5 sentences on how crime is controlled
o answer the RICO question in 4 sentences
- NOTES ON MARKOPOLOS: 2-3 sentences per bullet
o After researching the book "---" my understanding of the specific white collar crime " " has shown me " "
o What was the ponzi scheme? (explain how the criminals activites are limited to this because ... )
o Securities fraud-United States (relate to book)
o Hedge funds- United States (relate to book)
o Investment advisors- Corrupt practice- United States (relate to book)
o further compare book to topic
- Make a citation page (use easy bib.com)
o The Ebook online
o Your textbook
o 2 internet sources
An individual in the position where they are granted a substantial amount of power can also fall into the well-known trap of financial motivated crimes. White-collar crimes consist of non-violent actions committed, by people of high social status or who are trusted in the course of their occupation, in other words, business and government professionals. Illegal acts such as fraud, larceny, theft, concealment, public corruption, money laundering, corporate fraud, securities and commodities fraud are instances that all pertain to White-collar crimes. These crimes are motivated through individuals avoiding to lose money, property, or to secure a business advantage. White-collar crimes are investigated by federal authorities which can be taken as more of a serious deal than a crime involving violence or drugs. Typically the individual partaking in a White-collar crime is well educated, and respected members of his or her community, making it hard for them to get caught considering this type of crime does not include violence. White-collar crimes are mostly based off of individual's greed or redemption from prior mistakes.
Crimes considered that are considered to be "White collar" are more than often committed by people of higher intelligence which makes it harder to investigate them. These people are usually highly educated and are smart enough to crack the system for long periods of time before being caught. This leads to cases being handled by the highest law enforcement agencies in the country, mostly the FBI.
Crimes such as theft, larceny, fraud and money laundering are simply to big and in depth for local law enforcement to handle. Investigating these crimes are also tough because these criminals are often great at hiding the money they have received illegally, by simply taking the money out of their own accounts and spreading it to others or off shore accounts so that the money cannot be traced. White-collar crimes are not your everyday street crimes that typically involve violence and drugs but can relate to robberies, larceny and burglaries that include money. An example of a white-collar crime is fraud, which is when an individual deceives others in hope of a financial gain for themselves or a group of people. One person or a group of persons can commit fraud, which leads to different types of the crime. The most popular types of this crime involve, securities and commodities, insurance, medical, credit and check, computer and bank fraud as well as embezzlement.
Security and commodity fraud deceives people to think they are investing in a stock on the rise meanwhile the broker has inflated the stock to be more than it is actually worth. Investors typically put their or their companies' money into stocks that are falsely advertised in hopes of gaining money from a stock they believe to be on the rise when they are just inflated at the investment point. Brokerage firms that commit security fraud typically have no relation to their victim and provide them with false information or advice to lure an investor to invest in their stocks. An example of a security fraud is the "Enron scandal, which involved numerous illegal practices committed over several years by high-ranking company executives who sought to hide Enron's growing debt and keep perceived stock market value high" Enron popped up to be on the SEC's Radar in 2001 when their company was valued at 1.2 billion less than the year before. (Hess et al., 2017) The Securities and Exchange Commission, created by the U.S congress protects investors against fraud in the stock markets as well as investors in capital trade.
References
FBI. FBI, 30 Nov. 2015. Web. 05 Oct. 2016.
Maxted, Lawrence. "No One Would Listen: A True Financial Thriller." Library Journal 135.6 (2010): 82. Academic Search Alumni Edition. Web. 5 Oct. 2016.
Root. "Securities Fraud." Investopedia. N.p., 28 Jan. 2009. Web. 05 Oct. 2016.
"Types and Schemesof White Collar Crime." TYPES OF WHITE COLLAR CRIME AND SCHEMES.N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Oct. 2016.
https://www.fbi.gov/investigate/white-collar-crime
https://www.ckfraud.org/whitecollar.html
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/securities-fraud.asp