Assignment
Question 1
Mount St. Helens in Washington and Mt. Etna in Italy, have repeated eruptions. They are examples of a ________ (volcano type)
Question 2
Match each of these volcanic regions with one of the three zones of volcanism (convergent plate boundaries, divergent plate boundaries, or intraplate volcanism).
*Answers can be used more than once
Mount St. Helens
Hawaii's Kilauea
East Afrcan Rift
Iceland Volcanoes and Fissure regions
A. Intraplate volcanism
B. None of These
C. Divergent plate boundary
D. Convergent plate boundary
Question 3
The _____ is the point on the Earth's crust (surface) where earthquake seismic energy ruptures.
p-wave
boundary
epicenter
focus
Question 4
Which one of the following statements about the Earth's crust is NOT true?
It is the thinnest of the major subdivisions
It is the thickest where prominent mountains exist
Oceanic crust is enriched in potassium, sodium, and silicon
Continental rocks are compositionally different than oceanic rocks
Question 5
The two main types of Lava are Blank 1 , which has a smooth glassy surface and Blank 2 , which has a jagged, rubbled, broken surface.
Question 6
A______ volcano is a very large, gently sloping mound composed mainly of basaltic lava flows.
Stratospheric
Shield
Composite
Cinder Cone
Question 7
Yellowstone National Park super-eruption volcanic region is an example of this type of volcanic structure:________
A. A composite cone
B. A caldera
C. An ash flow
D. A shield volcano
Question 8
Which of the following combinations should favor folding rather than faulting?
high temperature and low confining pressure
low confining pressure and low temperature
high confining pressure and low temperature
high temperature and high confining pressure
Question 9
Isostasy is the concept that ____________________.
A. The asthenosphere rigidly hold ups the lithosphere
B. The lithosphere is sinking into the asthenoshpere
C. The lithosphere is in floating equilibrium on the asthenosphere
D. The asthenosphere is in floating equilibrium on the lithosphere
Question 10
Cinder Cones __________________.
have very steep slopes
are usually less than 300 meters (1000 feet) high
consist largely of pyroclastics
all of these
Question 11
The two body waves produced by an earthquake are compressional P-waves, which stand for Blank 1 waves and transverse S-waves, which stand for Blank 2 waves.
Question 12
The earthquake scale which is based on structural damage is called the__________scale.
Question 13
The Andes are formed by a ____________, whereas the Himalayas are formed by a___________.
A. Oceanic-Continental convergence; Continental-Continental Convergence
B. Oceanic-Continental divergence; Continental-Continental Convergence
C. Continental-Continental Convergence; Continental-Continental Convergence
D. Transform boundary;Oceanic-Continental convergence
Question 14
The addition of more Silica to magma
A. Decreases the viscosity of the magma
B. Doesn't do a thing
C. Immediately solidifies magma
D. Increases the viscosity of the magma
Question 15
Using the graph in Figure 8.11 on page 236 in the Textbook (figure 8.10 pg.228 in the 12th Ed), determine the distance (in kilometers) to the epicenter of an earthquake from which you felt the first p-wave at approximately 5 minutes and the first s-wave at approximately 9 minutes, giving a 4-minute delay between wave arrivals.
A. 1,000 km
B. 1,500 km
C. 2,500 km
D. 4,000 km
Question 16
When an earthquake occurs, energy radiates in all directions from its source. The source is also referred to as the
A. Internal Point
B. Epicenter
C. Focus
D. Seismic Zone
Question 17
How are the formation of Volcanoes, Earthquakes and Mountains connected? AND Why are these features relatively unique to Earth compared to other planets in the Solar System?
- All three are formed from the fact that the Earth has earthquakes. Earthquakes are the primary cause tectonic motions on the Earth's surface, which drives the formation of volcanoes and mountains.
Our Earth is unique because most other planets do not have earthquakes. Without earthquakes, plate tectonics will not occur and the surface of the Earth would be stationary: no volcanoes and no mountain building.
(NOTE: Io, the moon of Jupiter is an exception, it has active volcanism due to the gravitational tug of its host Planet Jupiter)
- All three are formed from the fact that our Mantle is molten under the Earth's crust. Plate Tectonics is what drives the formation or occurrence of these features and the plate tectonics occurs from the fact that our Mantle is molten.
Our Earth is unique because most other planets have cores that are "cold" and not molten. Without the fluid material under the crust, plate tectonics will not occur and the surface of the Earth would be stationary: no earthquakes, no volcanoes and no mountain building.
(NOTE: Io, the moon of Jupiter is an exception, it has active volcanism due to the gravitational tug of its host Planet Jupiter)
- All three are formed from the fact that our Mantle is rocky under the Earth's crust. The rocky core of the Earth causes earthquakes, volcanoes and mountains to form.
Our Earth is unique because most other planets have cores that are molten and not rocky. Without the rokcy material under the crust, the surface of the Earth would be stationary: no earthquakes, no volcanoes and no mountain building.
(NOTE: Io, the moon of Jupiter is an exception, it has active volcanism due to the gravitational tug of its host Planet Jupiter)
- All three are formed from the fact that our crust is molten and fluid. Plate Tectonics is what drives the formation or occurrence of these features and the plate tectonics occurs from the fact that our crust is molten.
Our Earth is NOT unique, all planets in our Solar System have very active earthquakes, volcanoes and mountain formation occurring.
Question 18
The ________magnitude scale is a measure of the energy released. It does not directly measure the extent of building damage.
Gutenberg
Reid
Mercalli
Richter
Question 19
Select the mountain ranges that were formed from Continental Collisions (Continent-Continent):
*There may be more than one correct answer!
The European Alps
The Urals in Russia
The Himalayas in India
The Andes in South America
Question 20
The Himalayas contain sedimentary rocks from old sea-floors.
True
False.