Here's an interesting way to remove duplicates from an array. The insertion sort uses a loop-within-a-loop algorithm that compares every item in the array with every other item. If you want to remove duplicates, this is one way to start. (See also Exercise 2.6 in Chapter 2.) Modify the insertionSort() method in the insertSort.java program so that it removes duplicates as it sorts. Here's one approach: When a duplicate is found, write over one of the duplicated items with a key value less than any normally used (such as -1, if all the normal keys are positive). Then the normal insertion sort algorithm, treating this new key like any other item, will put it at index 0. From now on the algorithm can ignore this item. The next duplicate will go at index 1, and so on. When the sort is finished, all the removed dups (now represented by -1 values) will be found at the beginning of the array. The array can then be resized and shifted down so it starts at 0.