For studying the effects of mechanical loading on the bone, a diaphysis is isolated as shown in the Figure. Pins extended from the metal caps over the bone ends. Assume a load is applied between the ends of the pins as shown. Calculate the longitudinal strain on the upper and lower surfaces of the bone assuming it is cylindrical with the following characteristics: Outer diameter = 20 mm; Inner diameter = 10 mm; Load = 30 N, Moment arm (d) = 40 mm; and Elastic Modulus = 20 GPa.