1) Salt crystals will form saltwater as the water evaporates. A salt crystals is much more ordered than salt dissolved in water. Explain how the process of evaporation does not violate the second law of thermodynamics .
2) A single cell in a chicken eventually becomes a complex multi-celled organism. Explain how this does not violate the second law of thermodynamics.
3) What is the carnot efficiency of an engine that burns gasoline at a temp.of 500C if the cold reservoir is outside air at 20C?- Be sure to draw an accurate diagram of the heat engine and heat pump
4) Suppose an inventor wants you to invest in a new type of engine. He claims the engine operates between 520C and 30C, uses 10,000J of heat input expels 1,000J of heat to the environment and does 9,000J of work.
a) Does this violate the first law of thermodynamics? explain?
b) Does this violate the second law of thermodynamics? Explain?
c) Would you invest in this engine? Why or why not?
5) Explain why you cannot cool your kitchen by leaving the refridgerator door open. However if you were willing to do some remodeling, you could use a refrigerator as an air conditioner. How would you do this?
6) Determine the COP of a Carnot heat pump that uses a fluid with a low temperature of -20 0C and a high temperature 40 0C. Will a real heat pump have a higher or lower efficiency than that?- Be sure to draw an accurate diagram of the heat engine and heat pump.