Two circuit breakers of the same design each have a failure-to-open-on-demand probability of 0.02. The breakers are placed in series so that both must fail to open in order for the circuit breaker system to fail. What is the probability of system failure:
a) If the failures are independent?
b) If the probability of a second failure is 0.1, given the failure of the first?
c) In part a, what is the probability of one or more breaker failures on demand?
d) In part b, what is the probability of one or more failures on demand?