1. in procedure B, which tube showed the most digestion of egg albumin? What can you conclude about the pH optimum of pepsin?
2. in procedure C, which test tube displayed the most rapid fall in pH? Explain the reason for this, including an explanation of how the digestion of fat can cause in the pH of the solution, and the function of bile salts.
3. describe the composition of urinary casts, and explain how they can get into the urine.
4. explain why proteins are not normally found (above trace amounts) in urine. What could cause proteinuria? Also, explain why glucose is not normally found (above trace amounts) in urine. What must happen to produce glycosuria?