Explain understanding the process of protein synthesis.
Genetic information in DNA is transliterated to RNA and then translated into the amino acid sequence of a Protein.
a) Step 1 - Transcription- During the process of transcription the info in the DNA codons of a gene is transcribed into RN1)
Supposing that gene X has the DNA base sequence 3'-TACCCTTTAGTAGCCACT-5'.
Q- Explain what would be the base sequence of RNA after transcription occurs? Turn this in.
(In this particular instance, presume that the RNA product doesn't require processing to become mRN1) otherwise the transcribed RNA becomes the mRNA sequence.)
b) Step 2 - Translation- During protein synthesis at the ribosome the base sequence of the mRNA codons is translated to the amino acid sequence of a protein.
Q- Using the mRNA that you transcribed above and use the genetic code table to determine the resulting amino acid sequence. Turn this in.
And turn in the answer to these questions
Explain what is the significance of the first and last codons? Explain what meaning do these codons have for protein synthesis?
3) Mutations- A mutation is distinct as a change in the base sequence of DN1) This may take place as a "mistake" in DNA replication for example.
Presume that during DNA replication and two mutant DNA sequences are produced as shown below.
For the two mutated DNA sequences and you will investigate how these changes might affect the sequence of amino acids in a protein.
Question: For each of the two you will need to first transcribe the mRNA and then use the genetic code table to determine the amino acid sequence.
Turn these in as well as state whether the protein sequence changes for each.
Q- Then describe why a change in amino acid sequence might affect protein function. Turn in your answer.
Here is the original order followed by two mutated sequences 1 and
2
Original sequence 3'- TACCCTTTAGTAGCCACT-5'
Mutated sequence 1) 3'-TACGCTTTAGTAGCCATT-5'
Mutated sequence 2) 3'-TAACCTTTACTAGGCACT-5'