Explain the Stochasticity?
Ubiquitous noise in biological systems creates stochastic methods central to modelling attempts. Stochasticity is available at all levels in environmental and integrative biology, ranging from genetic mutations via individual behaviours, movement, demographic rates (survival and reproduction), population sizes, community composition, resource availability, rates of nutrient fluxes, up to the multitude of environmental drivers which influence biological processes. Identifying the underlying processes that affect biological systems needs explicit accounting of the stochastic nature of the system dynamics. This accounting is as well needed to forecast modifications in biological systems.