Explain the Catabolic Responses?
Hormonal responses during the hyper inetabolic phase of infection are same as in case of injury. Serum cortisol levels are elevated, glycogen is incurred and insulin levels may be normal or higher. The levels of catecholamine, growth hormone, ahtidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone are also elevated. The growth hormone level remains elevated during convalescence, to promote anabolism.
Interleukin-1 is an endogenously produced pyrogen which produces fever and has direct effects of the liver; it promotes hepatic repletion of zinc and iron, increases plasma copper levels and stimulates hepatic synthesis of plasma amino acids. The metabolic and hormonal changes discussed above can result in reversible or irreverisble alteration in the structure and/or function of one or more organs over a period of time. This is often referred to as multiple system organ failure.