Discussion Post: Pharmacology
• Describe the pathophysiology of heart failure. What are the clinical signs and symptoms of heart failure?
• Explain how the compensatory mechanisms for heart failure work to maintain cardiac function. What occurs if these mechanisms begin to fail?
• What nursing measures should be implemented when working with older adults using cardiac glycosides? What are the signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity and why are older adults at a higher risk?
The response should include a reference list. Using one-inch margins, Times New Roman 12 pnt font, double-space and APA style of writing and citations.