1. Name the three major types of rocks and describe the conditions of their origin.
2. How does weathering produce sediment? Distinguish between weathering and erosion.
3. What is a clastic sedimentary rock?
4. What are the three most common clastic sedimentary rocks?
5. What general rock feature (texture term) does a geologist look for in a sedimentary rock to determine the distance the rock has traveled from its place of origin?
6. What is relative dating?
7. What three principles are used in relative dating? Describe each one.
8. A granite dike is found cutting across a sandstone layer. What can be said about the relative ages of the dike and the sandstone? What principle applies here?
9. Why don't all rock formations show a continuous sequence from the beginning of time to the present?
10. In a sequence of sedimentary rock layers, the oldest layer is on the bottom and the youngest layer is on the top. What relative dating principle applies here?
11. Explain how fossils of fishes and other marine animals occur at high elevations, such as the Himalayas.
12. What is meant by radioactive half-life?
13. As water is precipitated onto the land, where does it go? Where does most of the water on the land end up?
14. Define porosity.
15. What is meant by stream gradient, and how does it affect stream velocity?
16. Under what conditions do curvy, meandering rivers form along a floodplain?
17. What types of streams and stream valleys do we generally find in high mountainous regions?
18. Streams carry more than just water- they carry great quantities of sediments from one place to another. What is the size range of the particles that can be carried by the fastest moving stream?
19. What is a delta?