Explain Carbohydrates - Nutritions?
Liberal amounts of carbohydrates should be given i.e. around 60% to 65% of the total energy. However, care must be taken regarding the maximum rate of administration feasible keeping in mind the fact that the maximum tolerance level is about 7 mg/kg/min above which glucose is not oxidized to release energy but is converted to fat. Blood glucose levels should be closely monitored to prevent hyperglycemia and its associated complications such as dehydration, coma, respiratory problems etc.
During the anabolic phase when the patient can eat orally and has normal defecation process, a combination of simple and complex carbohydrates may be given. Providing good amounts of foods rich in mono and di saccharides, as well as, starches help in preparing meals which are nutrient dense, have small volume and are easy to digest. Thus, rice, refined wheat flour, semolina, sago, arrowroot, rice, rice flakes, murmura, pastas, dextrose, glucose, honey, potato should be incorporated liberally in the diet.