Explain about the Diabetes mellitus?
You are aware that diabetes may be diagnosed as an exaggerated response in blood glucose concentration following ingestion of a fixed amount of glucose (glucose tolerance test). The most common forms of diabetes are insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM or type I diabetes) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM or type 2 diabetes). IDDM results from the autoimmune destruction of the a-cells the endocrine pancreas, the consequence of which is insulin insufficiency. In this, the patient requires exogenous supply of insulin. The amount of carbohydrate and frequency of feeding is modified and depends on the insulin dose, type of insulin and the weight of the person.
In contrast, expression of NIDDM is due to lifestyles (excessive energy intakes and low physical activity) resulting in obesity, Early stages are characterized by insulin insensitivity/ resistance. Management of these patients involves maintenance of ideal body weight.