Exam: 500619RR - The Organization and the People in It
1. When an employment decision is based on a person's membership in a particular group, rather than on individual merit, the situation is known as
A. sexual harassment.
B. job stereotyping.
C. job discrimination.
D. institutional prejudice.
2. According to the principle of _______, employers may hire, fire, promote, or demote any employee for whatever reason the employer wishes, and at any time.
A. employment at will (EAW)
B. nondiscrimination
C. nepotism
D. motivation
3. Jamison Brothers Concrete wants to land a contract with Owens Construction to become the primary supplier of concrete for a shopping mall project. Todd Jamison gets together with Martina Owens, and a deal is struck. Jamison will get the contract. However, for every invoice remittance to Jamison, five percent
of the amount due will be deposited in a safety deposit box at Martina's bank, in cash. If Martina agrees to this inducement, she will be accepting a(n)
A. bribe.
B. trade secret.
C. insider trade.
D. kickback.
4. Which of the following statements about the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 is correct?
A. The act fails to prohibit the creation of corporate slush funds.
B. The act merely provides auditing services to companies doing business overseas.
C. The act doesn't prohibit grease payments to petty clerical or administrative officials.
D. The act is concerned with the bribery of foreign officials, but doesn't define kickbacks.
5. Executives at Lowell Industries monitor employee phone calls, e-mails, and voice mail. However, no such monitoring of executives is permitted. Which of the following moral philosophers would consider this inequity to be a violation of a basic moral principle?
A. Immanuel Kant
B. Jeremy Bentham
C. Robert Nozick
D. Milton Friedman
6. A formula, ingredient, or technique that gives a company an advantage over its competitors is known as a
A. legally unprotected process.
B. registered trade mark.
C. patent.
D. trade secret.
7. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 offers legal protection for employees who report _______ to the SEC.
A. securities fraud
B. kickbacks and bribes
C. environmental violations
D. sexual harassment
8. President John F. Kennedy's 1961 Executive Order 10925 became historically notable for having first used the term
A. "racial desegregation."
B. "equal pay for equal work."
C. "affirmative action."
D. "age discrimination."
9. When a company is gathering information from job applicants, the term "_______ consent" implies that an employee would voluntarily take a personality or polygraph test and be fully aware of the consequences of taking the test.
A. informal
B. qualitative
C. informed
D. qualified
10. When a job is broken down into repetitive tasks that are repeated thousands of times per day, workers are most likely to suffer from
A. cancerous tumors.
B. cuts and burns.
C. eye injuries.
D. musculoskeletal injuries.
11. In general, you would be justified in blowing the whistle on your company if
A. your action is based on a sound moral principle.
B. you've bypassed all internal channels and gone directly to a regulatory agency with your evidence.
C. your action has no real chance of success, but you feel it's a matter of principle.
D. you can't point to specific misconduct, but you suspect harmful effects related to particular activities.
12. Which of the following statements about the workplace and child-care policies in the United States is correct?
A. The United States views child care as a national responsibility.
B. In the United States, employers make few or no provisions for child care.
C. The United States is number one in the world when it comes to providing child care for workers.
D. The United States doesn't publicly subsidize child care.
13. Drug testing of employees is not considered to violate privacy when it's relevant to the
A. state law.
B. moral imperative.
C. employment contract.
D. greater good.
14. When you're hired to work for a company, the traditional law of _______ requires you to act loyally and to carry out all lawful instructions from your company.
A. patent
B. agency
C. employment ethics
D. morality
15. Jeff and Maria are discussing the concept of privacy. Maria says that privacy is an absolute value that's described and protected in the U.S. Constitution. Jeff says that there's no consensus among lawyers or philosophers as to how to define privacy. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Only Maria is correct.
B. Both Jeff and Maria are partly correct.
C. Neither Jeff nor Maria is correct.
D. Only Jeff is correct.
16. Which of the following statements about insider trading is not correct?
A. Insider traders normally defend their activities as being harmless to others.
B. Insider trading can harm outside investors who don't know what the insider knows.
C. A person who doesn't personally profit from insider trading has still crossed a moral line.
D. As a rule, insider trading based on nonpublic information directly harms others.
17. In a corporate campaign, a union enlists the assistance of a company's _______ to pressure the company into negotiations over labor concerns.
A. suppliers
B. creditors
C. customers
D. advertisers
18. Which management style proposes that employees like work and see it as natural and rewarding?
A. Theory Z
B. Theory X
C. Theory Y
D. Theory W
19. In an employment situation, the practice of showing favoritism to relatives and close friends is called
A. nepotism.
B. kickback.
C. qualification.
D. inbreeding.
20. Which of the following statements about the Wagner Act of 1935 is correct?
A. The act prohibited hiring discrimination based on race, creed, gender, or ethnicity.
B. The act outlawed the practice of requiring workers to join a union upon being hired by a company represented by a union.
C. The act upheld the position that unions had an inherent right to organize.
D. The act upheld the common-law standard for employee loyalty to the employer.