Environments can cause deterioration of foundation. Can you explain this in the following cases?
a) A column footing which was stable for a number of years suddenly gave way. The factory was engaged in acid production.
b) A deep freeze arrangement was removed after a long time and within an year there was failure of foundation. The underlying soil was clay.
c) A two-storeyed building with the bottom storey used as a garage developed serious cracks when this space was used as a warehouse. The soil was soft clay and isolated footings were used.
d) Cracks developed in a building after trees were grown around it. The soil was clay.
e) A building was functioning satisfactorily for a number of years. It was known that the foundation was shallow on residual soil. When a highway cut was made, adjacent to the building and when some plumbing work was carried out, distress was seen to occur in the comer of the building near the cut.