Assignment:
Compare two of the following types of studies: ecologic, cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies. Need Assignment Help?
Provide one example of each type of study and make sure you include a reference for each.
Be sure to respond to at least one of your classmates' posts.
Discussion Details:
Valencia Brown:
Good afternoon Professor Hoban and class
In this week's discussion, I will be addressing both the cohort study and the case-control study with examples.
Cohort study, according to Salem Press Encyclopedia, 2025, it defines this study as a type of analysis which one group with something in common might be studied in comparison with another similar group who doesn't have the same characteristics or traits. Longitudinal studies in a cohort study is followed as a person (subject) from exposure of what is being studied such as tuberculosis- to an outcome to be analyzed about how things are developed over time. Cohort studies don't determine how things are in one particular time or moment. This study often studies a group of people who has been exposed to something and another group who has not been exposed to the same thing that is being studied [Journal of Orthopedic Surgery & Research.
Two Types of cohort studies:
1. Prospective- the participants are chosen and followed over a period of time to determine how their conditions might have changed with exposure to what is being studied.
- Example- the prospective study starts with a group of people who choose to eat meat and another
2. Retrospective- when studied and compared after they have been exposed to something such as eating meat
Example- this study would choose individuals or groups of people who is already a meat eater, or could be abstaining from eating meat, and then to study the individual or group medical records over a period of time. This study determines any changes that could have resulted from a meat eating diet [1].
Case-control study- analyzing anthroplasty surgeries in this study, and the systemic effects associated with skin antisepsis to evaluate the systemic effects of PI that will be utilized as an irrigation solution by means of urine iodine and thyroid function tests [1]. In this type of test, sixty-eight (68) patients who underwent knee or hip arthroplasty and divided in 2 groups based on the surgical irrigation solution. The first group PI is added to a standard irrigation 11). However, the second group is considered to be a control group only with standard irrigation applied [1]. This case-control study is to reduce periprosthelic infection shows when the PI can be preferable for irrigating before closures of a joint area in joint arthroplasty [1]. Example- A case-study of 2 groups, exactly matched, based on the surgical site (hip or knee), age and sex (in decades), could be associated with standardization at the surgical site absorption, and when the iodine metabolism in the patient's body were reduced.