The patient is a 48-year-old unconscious woman admitted to the ED. She has a known history of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Her daughter accompanies her and tells the staff that her mother has had the "flu" and has been unable to eat or drink very much. The daughter is uncertain whether her mother has taken her insulin in the past 24 hours.
The patient's vital signs are temperature 101.8° F; pulse 120, weak and irregular; respiration 22, deep, and fruity odor; and blood pressure 80/42 mm Hg. Blood specimens and arterial blood gases are drawn and an IV infusion begun.
During the first 24 hours, what complications should the nurse monitor for in this patient? Why?
Which aspect of diabetic self-care should the nurse discuss with this patient before her discharge?