Question 1)a) What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)? Describe intelligence behaviours of an AI model with example.
b) What is state space search of a problem? Write state space search to solve water jug problem.
Question 2)a) Describe the working principles of forward and backward reasoning technique with suitable example.
b) Consider the following sentences Marcus was a man. Marcus was a Pompeian. All Pompeians were Romans. Caesar was a ruler. All Pompeians were either loyal to Caesar or hated him. Everyone is loyal to someone. People only try to assassinate rulers they are not loyal to. Marcus tried to assassinate Caesar.
Convert the sentences into clause form.
c) Using above Axioms in clause form prove that Marcus hate Caesar using Resolution principle.
Question 3)a) Describe the drawbacks of using Hill climbing technique. Write a Best – First search algorithm.
b) Write Minimax search algorithm to solve two-player game problem. Describe the importance of ‘MiniMax’ in the algorithm.
Question 4)a) What is Resolution? Discuss the steps required to transform a sentence into clausal form with a suitable example.
b) Describe modus ponens inference rule with example, also write the truth table.
c) Consider the following facts:
i) There is a person who loves everyone in the world
ii) Everyone is at NUS and everyone is smart
iii) Everyone who loves Santa loves any reindeer.
Represent these facts in Predicate Logic.
Question 5)a) With an suitable example, describe the knowledge representation scheme, which involves nodes and links between the nodes.
b) Describe Circumscription with suitable example to deal with uncertainties in Non-Monotonic reasoning.
c) What is planning in the process of solving a problem?
Question 6)a) What are the basic objective and activities of an Expert System? Briefly explain each one of them.
b) Describe the importance of machine learning process in acquiring knowledge. Also, support appropriate real time example.