Determine the area enclosed by the traverse in sq. ft or m2 using one or more of the following methods.
(a) Use grid paper as an overlay or underlay. Count the squares and partial squares enclosed by the traverse. Determine the area represented by one square at the chosen scale and, from that relationship, determine the area enclosed by the traverse.
(b) Use a planimeter to determine the area.
(c) Divide the traverse into regularly shaped figures (squares, rectangles, trapezoids, triangles) using a scale to determine the figure dimensions. Calculate the areas of the individual figures, and sum them to produce the overall traverse area.
(d) Use the given balanced traverse data and the technique of coordinates to compute the traverse areaA highway is to be constructed so that it passes through points A and E of the traverse. The proposed highway grade is +2.30 percent rising from A to E ((cL elevation at A = 68.95). The proposed cut-and-fill sections are shown in Figure 8.39(a) and (b).