An area of original rainforest in South America has been totally cleared for cattle ranching purposes. Disregarding meteorological factors, please calculate the surface's equilibrium temperature before and after the deforestation took place. Please assume that both vegetated and bare-ground surfaces behave as a blackbody. Data: rainforest albedo = 0.12, bare-ground albedo = 0.25, incident solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere = 500 W/m2.