Problem
I. Information processing theory predicts that meaningfulness improves the encoding of knowledge. From a theoretical perspective, Discuss why is meaningful knowledge easily encoded. Discuss meaningful knowledge compare with non-meaningful knowledge in memory. From an applied perspective, discuss ways to improve the meaningfulness of information for students. Discuss some instructional practices that might be used. Discuss some ways that culture might influence the practices chosen.
II. Consider the importance of transfer for learning. Without transfer, or the right type of transfer, learning would be inefficient and repetitive. Given the theoretical considerations, discuss what facilitate and hinder transfer. Discuss some instructional methods that seem to be well designed to promote transfer. Discuss how these methods might be adapted to be appropriate for learners at various developmental levels. Consider relevant cultural factors.
III. Technology offers many opportunities to facilitate learning. Even young children can use technology effectively and often are familiar with some forms of technology when they begin schooling. In particular, technology may be especially effective in developing social collaboration among students, including those at a distance. Discuss some ways that technology may be used to foster collaboration and learning at different developmental levels. Be specific in discussion of the levels of development.
IV. Many motivation theories stress the importance of perceived control. Yet practices of schooling often allow learners little control over environments, curricula, time, and the like. The problem may be exacerbated among students who experience learning difficulties if they believe that their academic successes are uncontrollable. Discuss some ways that instructional, contextual, and social conditions present in school might be adapted to provide learners with a greater sense of control over their learning and thereby promote their motivation to learn. Consider and discuss some cultural factors.