Multiple choice questions:
1. Which of the following is NOT involved in learning?
a. change in behavior
b. caused by maturation
c. relatively permanent
d. results from experience
2. In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment teaching dogs to respond to a bell, the meat was the ______ and the bell was the ______.
a. CS; US
b. UR; CR
c. US; CS
d. CR; UR
3. After being conditioned to show fear in the presence of a rat, Little Albert also was afraid of a rabbit. This is known as:
a. stimulus generalization.
b. spontaneous recovery.
c. extinction.
d. higher order conditioning.
4. Which of the following is NOT true about conditioned taste aversion?
a. It can take one trial to learn.
b. It is a form of operant conditioning.
c. The interstimulus interval can be hours.
d. None of the above.
5. The statement that "any response that produces satisfaction in a given situation becomes associated with that situation and when that situation occurs again, the response is more likely to be repeated" is known as the:
a. continuum of preparedness.
b. statement of classical conditioning.
c. law of effect.
d. principle of satisfaction.
6. The coach reinforces each behavior that is a little closer to the ultimate goal in the procedure called:
a. stimulus discrimination.
b. shaping.
c. conditional response.
d. spontaneous recovery.
7. If Tommy's mother no longer praised him for making his bed, he would probably stop making it, due to:
a. spontaneous recovery.
b. reinforcement.
c. aversive stimulation.
d. extinction.
8. Each time Terry rubs Shelley's back for 10 minutes, she gives him a kiss. He is on a ______ schedule of reinforcement.
a. fixed ratio
b. variable ratio
c. fixed interval
d. variable interval
9. Henry misbehaves in class and his teacher yells at him. If his misbehaving increases, we say that ______has occurred.
a. reinforcement
b. punishment
c. escape conditioning
d. extinction
10. Since the breakup with her boyfriend, Mary feels bad every time she hears "their song". Whenever the radio announcer mentions the song, she changes radio stations so she will not have to hear it. This is an example of
a. escape conditioning.
b. negative punishment.
c. classical conditioning.
d. avoidance conditioning.
11. Which of the following is NOT a variable that influences the effectiveness of punishment?
a. proximity
b. intensity
c. validity
d. consistency
12. Aunt Louise always brought candy when she visited, and thus every time the boys saw her they thought of candy. If she stopped bringing candy, this association would be weakened, a finding called:
a. extinction.
b. spontaneous recovery.
c. stimulus generalization.
d. higher order conditioning.
13. When an individual experiences stomach distress after having eaten something, ______ can occur.
a. operant conditioning
b. higher order conditioning
c. conditioned taste aversion
d. extinction
14. Karen would much rather play with her Barbies than practice her flute. Her mother only allows her to play after she has practiced her flute, using the _______ principle.
a. Premack
b. variability
c. extinction
d. Thorndike
15. An example of secondary reinforcement is most likely:
a. food.
b. money.
c. water
d. sex.
16. Julie was always rewarded for picking up her room. She now is not rewarded and her cleaning behaviorhas stopped. If she later occasionally picked up her room, we might call this:
a. punishment.
b. aversive conditioning.
c. spontaneous recovery.
d. classical conditioning.
17. The fear shown by Little Albert to a loud noise is an example of:
a. an unconditioned stimulus.
b. an unconditioned response.
c. a conditioned stimulus.
d. a conditioned response.
18. In piecework, a person might be rewarded for every five pieces made. This is an example of which schedule of reinforcement
a. continuous.
b. fixed interval.
c. fixed ratio.
d. variable ratio.
19. Larry calls Marge three times before she agrees to a date. If this sequence occurs over and over, Larry is on a _______ schedule of reinforcement.
a. fixed ratio
b. variable ratio
c. variable interval
d. fixed interval