Assignment:
Answer the following questions:
1. Name at least three reasons to study anatomy and physiology.
2. Which medical imaging technique is most dangerous to use repeatedly, and why?
3. When you do a load of laundry, why do you not just drop a bar of soap into the washing machine? In other words, why is laundry detergent sold as a liquid or powder?
4. What materials can easily diffuse through the lipid bilayer, and why?
5. Why is receptor-mediated endocytosis said to be more selective than phagocytosis or pinocytosis?
MCQ Questions:
1. Which of the following specialties might focus on studying all of the structures of the ankle and foot?
a. microscopic anatomy
b. muscle anatomy
c. regional anatomy
d. systemic anatomy
2. A scientist wants to study how the body uses foods and fluids during a marathon run. This scientist is most likely a(n) ________.
a. exercise physiologist
b. microscopic anatomist
c. regional physiologist
d. systemic anatomist
3. Metabolism can be defined as the ________.
a. adjustment by an organism to external or internal changes
b. process whereby all unspecialized cells become specialized to perform distinct functions
c. process whereby new cells are formed to replace worn-out cells
d. sum of all chemical reactions in an organism
4. The bonding of calcium, phosphorus, and other elements produces mineral crystals that are found in bone. This is an example of a(n) ________ reaction.
a. catabolic
b. synthesis
c. decomposition
d. exchange
5. Nitrogen has an atomic number of seven. How many electron shells does it likely have?
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four
6. ________ reactions release energy.
a. Catabolic
b. Exergonic
c. Decomposition
d. Catabolic, exergonic, and decomposition
7. Which of the following is part of the elongation step of DNA synthesis?
a. pulling apart the two DNA strands
b. attaching complementary nucleotides to the template strand
c. untwisting the DNA helix
d. none of the above
8. Which of the following is not a difference between DNA and RNA?
a. DNA contains thymine whereas RNA contains uracil
b. DNA contains deoxyribose and RNA contains ribose
c. DNA contains alternating sugar-phosphate molecules whereas RNA does not contain sugars
d. RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded
9. Which of the following sequences on a DNA molecule would be complementary to GCTTATAT?
a. TAGGCGCG
b. ATCCGCGC
c. CGAATATA
d. TGCCTCTC
10. What multipotent stem cells from children sometimes banked by parents?
a. fetal stem cells
b. embryonic stem cells
c. cells from the umbilical cord and from baby teeth
d. hematopoietic stem cells from red and white blood cells
11. Which of the following structures could be found within the nucleolus?
a. chromatin
b. histones
c. ribosomes
d. nucleosomes
12. Which connective tissue specializes in storage of fat?
a. tendon
b. adipose tissue
c. reticular tissue
d. dense connective tissue
13. Striations, cylindrical cells, and multiple nuclei are observed in ________.
a. skeletal muscle only
b. cardiac muscle only
c. smooth muscle only
d. skeletal and cardiac muscles
14. Ligaments connect bones together and withstand a lot of stress. What type of connective tissue should you expect ligaments to contain?
a. areolar tissue
b. adipose tissue
c. dense regular connective tissue
d. dense irregular connective tissue
15. Which of the following is not a type of tissue?
a. muscle
b. nervous
c. embryonic
d. epithelial
16. Could two atoms of oxygen engage in ionic bonding? Why or why not?
17. Explain why ultrasound imaging is the technique of choice for studying fetal growth and development.
18. Once dietary fats are digested and absorbed, why can they not be released directly into the bloodstream?
19. What are cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, and how do they interact?
20. Why does an injury to cartilage, especially hyaline cartilage, heal much more slowly than a bone fracture?