Problem:
The purpose of this quantitative non-experimental study is to investigate the impact that COVID-19 has had on retention rates of doctoral students both pre- and post-pandemic, in either a virtual or traditional learning environment. To strengthen your study, you might consider further specifying your independent and dependent variables. For example, retention rates would clearly function as the dependent variable, while factors such as learning modality (virtual vs traditional), time period (pre- vs. post-COVID-19), and possibly demographic variables could serve as independent variables. Clarifying these will help guide your statistical analysis and improve the overall rigor of your design. Please provide additional information on independent and dependent variables for the intended study. Need Assignment Help?