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Discuss different cognitive development approaches


Problem:

Feldman (2014) discusses many different cognitive development approaches in the textbook, with two being both Piaget's and Schaie's stages of development. Both individuals look at at developmental stages in a similar way, although there are some overlaps.

Piaget: As mentioned in previous discussion posts, Piaget's cognitive development theory has four stages: The Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, and Formal Operational Stages. The sensorimotor stage (Birth to 2) includes learning about the world through their senses, while the preoperational stage (2-7) sees a shift to children using things like symbols and pretend play to represent the world. As children move closer to the adolescent period, they enter the concrete operational stage at 7 years old, where they begin to think logically about events. They begin to put pieces together about tangible events that occur in their in their day to day lives. This stage lasts until they are 12 years old, there then they enter the last stage of development, the formal operational stage, where they begin to develop abstract thinking and think logically about different situation. Piaget's stages of development end at 12 years old and up, which leaves a wide range of different development in the formal operational stage

Schaie: On the other hand, Schaie lays out a 5 stage developmental model that covers an individuals entire lifespan, ranging from the Acquisitive stage, which is childhood to adolescence, to the Reintegrative Stage and late adulthood. Compared to Piaget's theory, Schaie spends more time focusing on the ebs and flows of development through adulthood. Schaie discusses four stages in adulthood (Achieving Stage, Responsible Stage, Executive Stage, and Reintegrative Stage). This development theory discusses initial stages of gathering information, before using that information across the lifespan to reach different goals.      

Similarities: Although Both Piaget's and Schaie's theories differ, the beginning fundamental stages are both about gathering informational in different ways. In Schaie's theory, the acquisitive stage is used to acquire knowledge based around developing skills and understand, while Piaget discusses learning about the world through different senses and pretend play in the world. As with most developmental stages, the early pieces of both theory are centered around exploration and working toward developing the necessary skills for the future. Need Assignment Help?

Feldman, R. S.   (2014). Development Across the Life Span (7th ed.).   Pearson, 2016.  Beckett, C., Taylor, H.    

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