Assignment:
Explain the difference between independent samples and dependent samples. Classify the following as independent or dependent samples:
a. Weights of identical twins
b. The effectiveness of two different brands of ibuprofen
c. Effect of a new training program on time taken to complete a task, measured by a "before" and "after" test
d. Test scores of a group of students on a math test and a biology test.
Provide complete and step by step solution for the question and show calculations and use formulas.