1. An engine operating on a Carnot cycle extracts heat at a rate of 500. Btu/s from a thermal reservoir at 1000.°F and rejects heat to a low-temperature thermal reservoir at 100.°F. Determine the rate of change in availability of the engine when the local environmental temperature is 70.0°F.
2. A fire hose is used to extinguish a building fire. The end of the hose is held 50.0 ft from the ground on a ladder and sprays 50.0°F water at a velocity of 12.0 ft/s. Assuming the water is an incompressible liquid, determine the specific flow availability at the exit of the hose when the local environment (ground state) is at 14.7 psia and 70.0°F.