Question 1. Myers Business Systems is evaluating the introduction of a new product. The possible levels of unit sales and the probabilities of their occurrence are given below:
Possible Sales
Market Reaction in Units Probabilities
Low response . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 .10
Moderate response . . . . . . . . . 40 .30
High response . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 .40
Very high response . . . . . . . . . 70 .20
a. What is the expected value of unit sales for the new product?
b. What is the standard deviation of unit sales?
Question 2: Five investment alternatives have the following returns and standard deviations of returns.
Returns Standard
Alternative Expected Value Deviation
A. . . . . . . . . . . $ 5,000 $1,200
B. . . . . . . . . . . 4,000 600
C. . . . . . . . . . . 4,000 800
D. . . . . . . . . . . 8,000 3,200
E. . . . . . . . . . . 10,000 900
Using the coefficient of variation, rank the five alternatives from lowest risk to highest risk.
Question 3. X-treme Vitamin Company is considering two investments, both of which cost $10,000. The cash flows are as follows:
Year Project A Project B
1 . . . . . . . . . . $12,000 $10,000
2 . . . . . . . . . . 8,000 6,000
3 . . . . . . . . . . 6,000 16,000
a. Which of the two projects should be chosen based on the payback method?
b. Which of the two projects should be chosen based on the net present value method? Assume a cost of capital of 10 percent.
c. Should a firm normally have more confidence in answer a or answer b?
Net present value and internal rate of return methods
Question 4: The Danforth Tire Company is considering the purchase of a new machine that wuld increase the speed of manufacturing and save money. The net cost of this machine is $66,000. The annual cash flows have the following projections.
Year Cash Flow
1. $21,000
2. 29,000
3. 36,000
4. 16,000
5. 8,000
a. If the cost of capital is 10 percent, what is the net present value?
b. What is the internal rate of return?
c. Should the project be accepted? Why?
Net present value profile
Question 5: Miller Electronics is considering two new investments. Project C calls for the purchase of a coolant recovery system. Project H represents an investment in a heat recovery system. The firm wishes to use a net present value profile in comparing the projects. The investment and cash flow patterns are as follows:
Project C ($25,000 investment) Project H ($25,000 investment
Year Cash Flow Year Cash Flow
1. $6,000 1 $20,000
2. 7,000 2 6,000
3. 9,000 3 5,000
4. 13,000
a. Determine the net present value of the projects based on a zero discount rate.
b. Determine the net present value of the projects based on a 9 percent discount rate.
c. The internal rate of return on Project C is 13.01 percent, and the internal rate of return on project H is 15.68 percent. Graph a net present value profile for the two investments. ( Use a scale up to $10,000 on the vertical axis, with $2,000 increments. Use a scale up to 20 percent on the horizontal axis, with 5 percent increments.)
d. If the two projects are not mutually exclusive, what would your acceptance or rejection decision be if he cost of capital (discount rate) is 8 percent. (Use the net present value profile for your decision; no actual numbers are necessary.)
e. If the two projects are mutually exclusive ( the selection of one precludes the selection of the other), what would be your decision if the cost of capital is (1) 5 percent, (2) 13 percent, (3) 19 percent? Use the net present value profile for your answer.
Coefficient of variation and investment decision
Question 6: Mr. Monty Terry, a real estate investor, is trying to decide between two potential small shopping center purchases. His choices are the Wrigley Village and Crosley Square. The anticipated annual cash inflows from each are as follows:
Wrigley Village Crosley Square
Yearly Aftertax Cash Inflow Yearly Aftertax Cash Inflow
(in thousands) Probability (in thousands) Probability
$10 .1 $20 .1
30 .2 30 .3
40 .3 35 .4
50 .3 50 .2
60 .1
a. Find the expected value of the cash flow from each shopping center
b. What is the coefficient of variation for each shopping center?
c. Which shopping center has more risk?