Determine if each of the following value functions is loss averse. (a) v(x) = 0.25x for x > 0 and v(x) = 0.5 for x ≤ 0 (b) v(x) = √x for x > 0 and v(x) = 0.5x for x ≤ 0 (c) v(x) = ex for x > 0 and v(x) = −√−x for x ≤ 0 (d) v(x) = √x for x > 0 and v(x) = −x2 for x ≤ 0 (e) v(x) = √x for 0 < x ≤ 4, v(x) = x−2 for x > 4, and v(x) = x for x ≤ 0