Answer the following questions, in a total of 650 to 800 words.
• Describe the structure of DNA and the steps of protein synthesis.
• Describe the relationships between the following terms:
o DNA
o Chromatin material
o Gene
o Chromosome
• Use the following gene in protein synthesis:
o TAGGACCATTTTAGCCCC
- Show the mRNA.
- Show the tRNA.
- Name the amino acids that will be placed in the polypeptide chain. (Use the codon table in Ch. 10, Figure 10.8A of Campbell Biology.)
• A gene will direct the making of polypeptide chains, and polypeptide chains form proteins. All enzymes are proteins. Therefore, how would you explain carrying a gene for a trait that does not show up in the offspring?
• In order for DNA to pass genetic information to the next generation, DNA must replicate successfully. Mistakes in replication could result in major problems in heredity.
o Explain how DNA replicates.
o Describe the formation of the leading strand and lagging strand and include the enzymes involved.
o Why do the legs replicate differently?