Deming's profound knowledge consists of four elements. Answer the following three parts relating to the system element of Deming's profound knowledge. Your discussion should relate to this element of Deming's profound knowledge and not systems in general. Each response should be at least 50 words.
1. What is a system and what should be its aim?
2. Why is systems thinking important?
3. How does suboptimization fit into systems thinking?
Deming created 14 points of management. Explain each point listed below and why it is important to TQM. Your response should be at least 75 words.
1. Point 10: Eliminate Exhortations
2. Point 11: Eliminate Numerical Quotas and Management by Objective (MBO)
3. Point 12: Remove Barriers to Pride in Workmanship(TCO 3) Twenty samples of subgroup size 6 (n = 7) were collected for a variable measurement. Determine the upper control limit (UCL) for an R-chart if the mean of the sample ranges equals 6.4.
Factors for calculating control limits
n A2 D3 D4
2 1.880 0 3.267
3 1.023 0 2.574
4 0.729 0 2.282
5 0.577 0 2.114
6 0.483 0 2.004
7 0.419 0 1.924