Deformation Processes
In these processes, the material is plastically deformed (hot or cold) under the action of an external force, to produce the required shape. No material is removed but is only displaced and deformed to get the final shape. This category includes metal working/ forming processes such as: forging, rolling, extrusion and drawing etc and also sheet metal working processes such as deep drawing and bending etc. The unconventional forming processes such as High Energy Rate Forming (HERF) and High Velocity Forming (HVF) methods also fall under this category.