Define composition of the diet during pregnancy period?
The composition of the diet during pregnancy should be the same as for a non- pregnant woman; hence the contribution to calories from carbohydrate, protein and fat does not change. However, carbohydrate intake should not be
Pregnant adolescent girls, underweight women and women who are exceptionally active (heavy physical activity) may require more energy. The details of these specific cases and increased .needs are discussed later in this unit. However, here it is important to remember that requirements vary with pre-pregnancy weight, and body composition, amount and composition of weight gain, stage of pregnancy and activity level. Therefore, it would not be appropriate to make a single recommendation for all pregnant women. Energy status may be estimated by evaluating the rate of weight gain. If the rate of weight gain is appropriate for the stage of pregnancy, you can assume that energy intake is adequate. Fasting is not recommended, for it may be a special risk for women with a tendency towards early delivery. Chemical changes associated with fasting may precipitate labour pains.
Some mothers may ask you whether they can 'diet' or undertake fasting. Studies on animals show that when the mother's diet was restricted, foetal body weight was significantly reduced. Data on humans is rather limited. However, among mothers experiencing food shortages, infant birth weights get reduced. This has been documented in the .studies from World War II. Optimal foetal growth occurs only when the mother is able to accumulate a critical amount of extra body stores during pregnancy.