Problem:
This week's reading-Chapter 3-Decision Making in Value Issues and Private Law- Values Tell us what is right and wrong, good and evil Imply a preference to correct human behavior Attempt to be constructive, not destructive, over issues involving personal values, Consequence-oriented Theories Judge rightness or wrongness of decisions based on outcomes or predicted outcomes The right thing to do is the good thing to do, Utilitarianism-Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) The good resides in promotion of happiness or greatest net increase of pleasure over pain Happiness as higher-order pleasures: intellectual, aesthetic, and social enjoyments, Act Utilitarianism Decision based on possible alternatives for action Weighing each to amount of pleasure or utility it provides, Selecting course of action that maximizes pleasure, Equal Consideration of Interest Individual not allowed to increase his share of happiness at expense of another One ought to act to produce greatest balance of happiness over unhappiness, everyone considered, Duty-oriented Theories-Basic rightness or wrongness of act depends on its intrinsic nature rather than on situation or consequences Act in itself right or wrong; it could not be both. Need Assignment Help?