Task: Coould you re-write this abstract in a scientific manner, as in how an abstract would be written in a research paper.
Title: Could Sonic Hedgehog signaling increase Bmp expression?
Abstract
Following a previous study carried out by a number of PhD students from university of east London it was demonstrated that the activation, proliferation and survival of stimulated B cells increases at 18 hrs and decreases at 40 hrs. this study therefore was done to investigate the mechanism in which is responsible for the negative effect at 40 hrs. it was hypothesized that Shh protein could increase BMP-2 and BMP-4 expression at 40 hrs as these bone morphogenic protein have previously been identified as antagonist of B cell activation.
Purified B cells from the spleen of female BALB mice were stimulated by anti-IgM and anti-CD40 and mixed with 0.5 and 0.05 μl/l of recombinant Sonic hedgehog protein in duplicates in two separate plates. The plates were then incubated for 18 and 40hrs. after each time set cells populations were analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of BMP-4, -2 , twisted gastrulation and HPRT( house keeping gene) were measured via the quantitation of synthesized cDNA from RNA of stimulated B cells in the presence of sonic hedgehog proteins, using real-time PCR.
Ct values from RT-PCR were used to draw a standard curve in order to measure the efficiency. after all, gene expressions were compared to HPRT expression by dividing the expression of each sample by the hprt values. graphs were plotted to analyse the difference between the expr3essions at 18 and 40 hrs.
There was a decrease in TWG expression at 40 hrs and an increase of BMP-2 at 40 hrs which clearly supported the hypothesis. however BMP-4 expression significantly decreased at 40 hrs.
The Idea is that Shh signalling increases BMP-2 expression at 40 hrs and has no effect on BMP-4.
TWG expression was decreased at 40 hrs therefore it acted as an agonist of BMP-4 and antagonist of BMP-2.