Consider the simply supported beam that has one external load applied to it. At a cross- section that cuts through the carriage bolt, there are 5 points at which the states of stress must be identified. The section is .001 mm to the right off the center of the carriage bolt (this will set the direction of shear).
-Draw the 5 stress-elements using the natural orientations conforming to the shape of the beam.
-Establish the direction of the stresses.