Concept of instruction:
The CPU is a semiconductor integrated circuit chip consisting of a large number of transistors. In personal computers, the CPU is also referred by the term Microprocessor. Every CPU is capable of performing certain instructions (known as machine instruction). Modern CPUs have the logic built in to perform 400-550 machine instructions. The machine instructions that a CPU can execute demonstrates its capability. Every processor is capable of performing certain operations. An instruction refers to an operation that can be performed by the processor directly. The entire set of instructions that can be executed by the processor directly, through the logic in hardware, form the instruction set of the processor. An instruction tells the processor what task is to be performed and what micro-operations need to be completed to perform the task. Every instruction execution requires execution of a set of arithmetic and logical operations (micro-operations). The size and format of the instruction varies with different processors.