Compute arrows direct material variances and compute arrows


1. Comprehensive budgeting

The balance sheet of Watson Company as of December 31, 20X1, follows.

WATSON COMPANY

Balance Sheet

December 31, 12X1

Assets



Cash


$4,595

Accounts receivable


10,000

Finished goods (575 units x $7.00)


4,025

Direct materials (2,760 units x $0.50)


1,380

Plant & equipment

$50,000


Less: Accumulated depreciation

10,000

40,000

Total assets


$60,000

Liabilities & Stockholders' Equity



Accounts payable to suppliers


$14,000

Common stock

$25,000


Retained earnings

21,000

46,000

Total liabilities &. stockholders' equity


$60,000

The following information has been extracted from the firm's accounting records:

1. All sales are made on account at $20 per unit. Sixty percent of the sales are collected in the month of sale; the remaining 40% are collected in the following month. Forecasted sales for the first five months of 20X2 are: January, 1,500 units,- February, 1,600 units; March, 1,800 units; April, 2,000 units; May, 2,100 units.

2. Management wants to maintain the finished goods inventory at 30% of the following month's sales.

3. Watson uses four units of direct material in each finished unit. The direct material price has been stable and is expected to remain so over the next six months. Management wants to maintain the ending direct materials inventory at 60% of the following month's production needs.

4. Seventy percent of all purchases are paid in the month of purchase; the remaining 30% are paid in the subsequent month.

5. Watson's product requires 30 minutes of direct labor time. Each hour of direct labor costs $7.

Instructions:

a. Rounding computations to the nearest dollar, prepare the following for January through March:

1) Sales budget

2) Schedule of cash collections

3) Production budget

4) Direct material purchases budget

5) Schedule of cash disbursements for material purchases

6) Direct labor budget

b. Determine the balances in the following accounts as of March 31:

1) Accounts Receivable

2) Direct Materials

3) Accounts Payable

2. Basic flexible budgeting
Centron, Inc., has the following budgeted production costs:

Direct materials

$0.40 per unit

Direct labor

1.80 per unit

Variable factory overhead

2.20 per unit

Fixed factory overhead

Supervision

$24,000

Maintenance

18,000

Other

12,000

The company normally manufactures between 20,000 and 25,000 units each quarter. Should output exceed 25,000 units, maintenance and other fixed costs are expected to increase by $6,000 and $4,500, respectively.

During the recent quarter ended March 31, Centron produced 25,500 units and incurred the following costs:

Direct Materials


$10,710


Direct Labor


47,175


Variable factory overhead

51,940


Fixed factory overhead




     Supervision


24,500


     Maintenance


23,700


     Other


16,800


Total production costs


$174,825


Instructions:

a. Prepare a flexible budget for 20,000, 22,500, and 25,000 units of activity.

b. Was Centron's experience in the quarter cited better or worse than anticipated? Prepare an appropriate performance report and explain your answer.

c. Explain the benefit of using flexible budgets (as opposed to static budgets) in the measurement of performance.

3. Straightforward variance analysis

Arrow Enterprises uses a standard costing system. The standard cost sheet for product no. 549 follows.

Direct materials: 4 units @ $6.50


$26.00

Direct labor: 8 hours @ $8.50


68

Variable factory overhead: 8 hours

@ $7.00

56

Fixed factory overhead: 8 hours

@ 2.5

20

Total standard cost per unit


$170.00

The following information pertains to activity for December:

1. Direct materials acquired during the month amounted to 26,350 units at $6.40 per unit. All materials were consumed in operations.

2. Arrow incurred an average wage rate of $8.75 for 51,400 hours of activity.

3. Total overhead incurred amounted to $508,400. Budgeted fixed overhead totals $1.8 million and is spread evenly throughout the year.

4. Actual production amounted to 6,500 completed units.

Instructions:

a. Compute Arrow's direct material variances.

b. Compute Arrow's direct labor variances.

c. Compute Arrow's variances for factory overhead.

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Anonymous user

3/12/2016 7:14:01 AM

Consider the illustrated budgeted production costs in the problem above for Centron, Inc. The company generally manufactures between 20,000 and 25,000 units each quarter. Should output surpass 25,000 units, maintenance and other fixed costs are expected to rise by $6,000 and $4,500 correspondingly. Throughout the recent quarter ended March 31, Centron generated 25,500 units and acquire the given costs: 1) Create a flexible budget for 20,000, 22,500 and 25,000 units of activity. 2) Was Centron's experience in the quarter cited better or inferior than predicted? Create a suitable performance report and describe your answer. 3) Describe the advantage of employing flexible budgets (as opposed to the static budgets) in the evaluation of performance.